医学毕业生职业倦怠感与心理资本关系调查

Survey on the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Occupation Burnout of Medical Graduates in Standardized Training

目的了解规范化培训医学毕业生的职业倦怠感现状,探讨心理资本与职业倦怠的关系,为制定规范化培训方案提供参考。方法采用现场调查,运用通用Maslach工作倦怠量表(MBI-GS)、中文版心理资本量表以及职业压力指标量表中文版(OSI-PRC)对536名正在接受规范化培训的医学毕业生进行面对面的问卷调查。结果 1与Maslach建立的MBI参考值相比,接受规范化培训的医学毕业生MBI-GS中的情感衰竭维度评分增高、个人成就感维度评分降低(P<0.05);2心理资本中的希望、乐观、韧性、效能等与MBI-GS中的情绪衰竭、去个性化维度呈负相关(P<0.05),与个人成就感呈正相关(P<0.05);3心理资本中的希望、乐观、韧性、效能等与OSI-PRC中的心理压力、身体压力和职业压力分别呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论接受规范化培训的医学毕业生存在职业倦怠,与其心理资本水平有关;规培期间应重视心理资本的作用,以减轻职业压力,降低职业倦怠,防止人才流失。

Objective To explore the job burnout of medical graduates in standardized training and analyze the relationship between psychological capital and occupation burnout, so as to provide reference for the development of standardized training program. Methods The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey （ MBI - GS）, the psychological capital scale in Chinese version and the Occupation pressure index scale in Chinese Edition （ OSI - PRC）were used to investigate the 536 medical graduates who are receiving standardized training. Results ①Compared with the MBI referenced values, the scores of emotional exhaustion（EE） in MBI- GS of the graduates who received standardized training were higher, while the scores in individual achievement （IA）were lower （P 〈 0.05 ） ; ②The score of hope, optimism, resilience and efficacy in psychological capital scale was respectively negatively correlated with score of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization in MBI- GS（ P 〈 0.05 ）, while positively correlated with personal accomplishment in MBI - GS;③The score of hope, optimism, resilience and efficacy in psychological capital scale was respectively negatively correlated with the score of psychological pressure, physical pressure and occupational stress of OSI - PRC （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The medical graduates who receive standardized training have job burnout, which is related to their psychological capital level. The role of psychological capital should be paid attention to in the course of the regulation, so as to reduce the occupational stress and reduce the job burnout and prevent the brain drain.