军队心理卫生人员职业压力与督导需求调查

Investigation on Occupational Stress and Supervision Requirements of Military Mental Health Professionals

目的了解军队心理工作人员的职业压力与督导需求。方法采用钱铭怡、陈红等编制的心理咨询与心理治疗情况调查表,随机对陆军、空军、海军、火箭军、武警的各级医院、卫生所心理医师、心理治疗师、心理咨询师144名进行问卷测量。结果军队心理卫生人员在自己的专业理论匮乏、经费不足、缺乏必要的督导和晋升困难几个题目上,军队心理卫生人员的压力高于全国;军队一对一督导和小组督导均显著少于全国,本机构督导与外单位聘请督导均显著少于全国,样本中三分之一以上人员没有接受任何形式的督导。军队心理卫生人员比全国样本更愿意督导人员胜任能力强,更欢迎团体、个体形式的督导,也更需要自我分析和体验,并对培训中的督导情况更满意。讨论军队现有心理卫生人员职业压力较大,心理督导的数量和质量,无法满足实际需求,尽快建立和完善军民融合的军队心理卫生工作人员督导及督导体系,提供及时有效,科学规范的心理督导,是军队心理卫生工作健康有序,科学发展的重要内容。

Objective To understand occupational pressure and supervision requirements of military men- tal health professionals. Methods The research conducted a survey on Counseling and Psychotherapy Status which is developed by Mingyi Qian and Hong Chen in a random sample of 144 psychiatrists, psychotherapists and counse- ling psychologists in the land, marine and air forces, the second artillery troops, and the armed police hospitals and clinics. Results Comparing with other national samples, military mental health professionals have more pressure on lack of professional theory, lack of funds, lack of necessary supervision and promotion difficulty. One - on - one supervision and group supervision in military hospital are significantly less than national mental health professionals, and supervision by their own organization or other organizations is significantly less than national health profession- als. More than 1/3 staff did not accept any form of supervision. However, The mental health professionals in mili- tary have better competence than national samples, and are more willing to accept groups or individual supervision, while they need more self analysis and experience, and are more satisfied with the supervision in training. Discus- sion Military mental health professionals have more occupational pressure, but the quantity and quality of supervision cannot meet the actual needs. So the supervisor and supervision system need to be established and improved as soon as possible. Providing timely and effective psychological supervision is an ihaportant content of scientific development, to ensure the work of military mental health done healthly and orderly.