超声检查视神经鞘直径预测颅内压增高的研究进展及其临床意义

The Research Progress and the Clinical Significance of Ultrasonographic Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter for Assessing Intracranial Pressure

视神经鞘具有特殊的解剖结构,颅内压增高时视神经鞘直径(optic nerve sheath diameter,ONSD)会出现增粗,故超声检查视神经鞘直径可以无创、床旁评估颅内压增高。国内外相关领域的研究对于诊断高颅压的ONSD的最佳临界值有差异,故我们建议在运用此技术评估颅内压增高时需要考虑种族差异,建立适合不同种族的诊断标准。超声检测ONSD具有广阔的应用和研究前景。

Elevated intracranial pressure(ICP) can induce the nerve sheath to expand based on the ocular anatomy. Ultrasonography of the optic nerve sheath diameter(ONSD) is a non-invasive and bedside method that might be helpful in the identification of elevated ICP. The ONSD cutoff point for the diagnosis of increased ICP or elevated ICP has not been unified in domestic and international studies of the related fields. We propose that ethnic differences should be noted and appropriately applied to the corresponding ultrasonographic criteria. Ultrasound detection of ONSD bears a broad prospect of applications and researches.