精准医疗与脑血管病:教学实践与探索

Precise Medicine in Cerebral Vascular Disease:Education Practice and Exploration

目的阐述精准医疗在脑血管病专业研究生教学中的模式和意义。方法在临床实践、研究和教学中,通过观察与访谈,了解脑血管病专业研究生对精准医疗概念的理解以及应用精准医疗的理念和进展指导临床实践的能力进行评价。结果研究生在脑血管病精准医疗的知识结构和能力素养方面尚需提高。临床流行病学、生物统计学、分子生物学和计算机科学是精准医疗的学科基础,临床医学与这些基础医学的结合教学有利于研究生精准医学概念的建立。结论精准医疗的教学中应努力使专业学位研究生建立多个交叉学科的复合知识结构,应采用项目导向的方法进行综合能力训练。

Objective To describe the definition of precise medicine and its application status in the field of cerebral vascular disease and to evaluate the effectiveness of different education patterns in professional postgraduate teaching.Methods Observation and interview methods were used in this qualitative study during the course of clinical practice, research and education.The acquaintance on progress in thrombolysis, anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in acute ischemic stroke and the comprehension of the relationship between guideline and precise medicine were investigated, so as to evaluate the competence of application of precise medicine in guiding clinical practice. The optimal structure of knowledge and the efficient teaching approach were established with the experience from the western countries.Results The precise medicine consists of the precise imaging, big data and genomics and is used widely in clinical practice, research and development of new drugs. The precise medicine can also be helpful to set up the guideline and the health policy. The knowledge structure and the accomplishment of the medical students with a Master or Doctor degree still need to be improved. Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Molecular Biology and Computer Science are the foundation for the discipline of the precise medicine. To cultivate the competencies in the creating, clearing up and analyzing the database in project-based training program might be an effective education mode. Conclusion The precise medicine is the result of standardized healthcare development and the future of medical service. Medical students should build an inter-discipline knowledge background and get to be well-trained in the management of database in precise medicine project.