淮河流域(河南段)河流生态系统健康评价及分类修复模式

Health Evaluation and Repairing Mode on River Ecosystem of Huaihe River Basin(Henan Section)

在国内外河流生态系统健康评价和生态修复研究的基础上,以淮河流域(河南段)河流生态系统作为研究对象,使用频度分析法和理论分析法,从水文特征、水质状况、地貌特征和生物状况4个方面,筛选得到17项指标作为健康评价指标体系,并创新性地采用T-S模糊神经网路法评判淮河流域(河南段)河流生态系统的健康状况。结果显示:研究区域内共有亚健康、脆弱、病态和恶劣4种健康等级,占比分别为8.43%、74.70%、13.25%和3.61%,脆弱的断面近于75%。然后在此健康评价的基础上,将生态系统健康等级为"亚健康/脆弱/病态"的河流生态系统作为待修复的对象,根据各个准则层的健康状况,将流域内96%待修复断面分为水质-生物修复模式、水质-地貌-生物修复模式、水量-水质-生物修复模式、水量-水质-地貌-生物修复模式和以绿代水型修复模式5种修复模式,占比分别为3.75%、22.5%、2.5%、67.5%和3.75%,仅2种复合水量修复类型占比接近90%。

On the basis of river ecosystem health assessment and ecological restoration research at home and abroad,with Henan Section of Huaihe River Basin ecosystem as the research object,the health evaluation index system was rebuilt using frequency analysis and theoretical analysis from hydrological characteristics, water quality status, geomorphology and biological status,which was consisted of 17 indicators. Innovatively TS fuzzy neural network method was selected to judge the health status of Huaihe River（Henan Section）river ecosystem. Results showed that there were four kinds of health levels including sub-health,vulnerable,sick and poor in the study area,accounting for 8.43%,74.70%,13.25% and 3.61%,respectively,with the vulnerable section close to 75%. Based on this health assessment,the sub/fragile/sick status was taken as objects to be repaired. According to the health status of each criterion layer,96% repairing sections were divided into five repairing modes such as quality-biological,quality-topography-biological,quantity-quality-biological,quantity-quality-topography- biological and green substituting,accounting for respectively 3.75%,22.5%,2.5%,67.5% and 3.75%. Only two types of composite quantity repairing proportion was close to 90%.