苏州市人为源氨排放清单及其分布特征

Anthropogenic Ammonia Emission Inventory and Its Spatial Distribution in Suzhou City

通过调研分析苏州大市范围内的农业、工业、生活及交通等相关活动水平数据,采用排放因子法建立了2013年苏州市人为源氨排放清单.结果表明:2013年苏州市人为源氨排放总量为22 020.18 t,排放强度为3.06 t/km^2;畜禽养殖、工业源、氮肥施用是苏州市氨排放的主要来源,排放量分别为8 080.99、7 103.50、4 841.23 t,共占氨排放总量的90.94%.其中,工业源的氨排放分担率为32.25%,高于全国平均值,火电行业和化肥制造行业的氨排放占工业源排放总量的90.14%,烟气脱硝过程的氨逃逸值得关注;在畜禽源中,肉鸡和生猪是最大的氨排放源,二者排放量分别占畜禽养殖氨排放总量的42.59%和37.14%.太仓、张家港、常熟依次为苏州市氨排放量和排放强度最大的3个地区,共占氨排放总量的69.02%,苏州市区氨排放量位列第四但排放强度最低.空间分布特征表明,苏州市东北部氨排放较集中,中部排放量较小,周边地区特别是沿江县级市的排放量较大.研究显示,氨排放清单的建立可为苏州市氨排放控制提供基础数据.

Based on the available activity data and emission factors, an anthropogenic ammonia emission inventory for the year 2013 was developed for Suzhou City with spatial resolution of 2 km x 2 km. The results showed that the total NH3 emission from anthropogenic sources in Suzhou City was 22,020. 19 t, and the average ammonia emission intensity was 3.06 t/km2. The livestock and poultry breeding, industrial sources and the application of N fertilizers were the main contributors, emitting 8,080.99, 7,103.50, 4,841.23 t, respectively, accounting for 90.94% of the total NH3emissions. The contribution rate of industrial sources was 32.25% , which was higher than that of the national average. Ammonia emissions from the fertilizer manufacturing industry and the thermal power industry accounted for 90. 14% of the total discharge of industrial sources. Ammonia escape in the process of flue gas denitrification deserves attention. Broiler and hog were the major contributors of total livestock sources, with contributions 42. 59% and 37.14%. The ammonia emission amounts and intensities of Taicang, Zhangjiagang and Changshu districts were higher than those of other districts, accounting for 69.02% of the total NH3 emissions. The NH3 emission amount of the urban district in Suzhou City ranked fourth, but the emission intensity was the lowest. The spatial distribution characteristics revealed that ammonia emissions were mainly concentrated in the northeast of Suzhou City. There werehigher emissions in the surrounding areas, especially along the river, and smaller emissions from the central district. The NH3 emission mostly originated from large point sources.