水凝胶在三维生物打印中的应用研究进展

Advances in the research of application of hydrogels in three-dimensional bioprinting

水凝胶因其三维网络结构能模拟自然组织，在三维生物打印中能满足形态学要求并较好地支持细胞增殖，引起了广泛关注。近年来，通过控制水凝胶形状、多孔性、表面形态、大小等参数，水凝胶在三维生物打印领域取得了一系列进展，但在实际打印中仍然存在诸多难题。笔者就各类水凝胶应用于三维生物打印的具体实践展开综述。

Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks made of hydrophilic polymer crosslinked through covalent bonds or physical intermolecular attractions, which can contain growth media and growth factors to support cell growth. In bioprinting, hydrogels are used to provide accurate control over cellular mi- croenvironment and to dramatically reduce experimental repeti- tion times, meanwhile we can obtain three-dimensional cell ima- ges of high quality. Hydrogels in three-dimensional bioprinting have received a considerable interest due to their structural simi- larities to the natural extracellular matrix and polyporous frameworks which can support the cellular proliferation and survival. Meanwhile, they are accompanied by many challenges.