东北现代文学中民俗文化元素的存在形态与功能

The Existing Form and Function of the Folk Culture Element in the Modern Literature of Northeast China

民俗文化元素在东北现代文学作品中有着丰富多元的表现,并以多种形态存在于文学作品之中,承担着各自不同的功能,对作家的叙事起到了积极的推动作用,带给东北文学作品别样的情趣、意味、生机与活力。作为人物塑造辅助要素的民俗文化存在,在组成故事结构的过程中发挥了十分重要的作用:塑造人物形象,彰显人物性格。作为环境描写辅助要素的民俗文化存在,在很多东北现代文学作品中能够有效发挥民俗的审美价值和塑造功能,大量具有地方色彩的民俗场景充当了作家环境描写的方式与手段:创造典型时代特征、营造氛围与暗示悲剧性、传达作者的情感和观念、抒发人物情感突出主题、展示人物的生存力量等等。无论民俗文化元素在东北现代文学作品中呈现什么状态并发挥什么样的功能,有一点都值得肯定:白山黑水的独特气质和民间神韵,在一定程度上弥补了东北现代文学艺术技巧上的"钙力"不足。

Folk culture elements have rich and diverse manifestations , which exist in every comer of literary works in many forms, and assume their different functions, and play a positive role in promoting writers＇ narrative and bring dif- ferent kind of literary taste, meaning, vigor and vitality to the literature of Northeast China. Folk culture as an auxiliary el- ement in environmental description plays a very important role in exerting folk aesthetic value and shaping function in the modem literature of Northeast China, and a lot of folk scene with local characteristic serve as a way and means in writers＇ environment description： create the typical characteristics of the times; create atmosphere to suggest tragic; con- vey the author＇s feelings and ideas; express figure＇s emotion to highlight theme and show the survival power of people, and so on. No matter folk culture elements show what state and play any kind of function in the literature of Northeast China, one thing is worthy of recognition： the unique disposition and folk charm in the Northeast just like nutrients, to a certain extent, makes up the calcium deficiencies of the modem literature of Northeast China in artistry.