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碳青霉烯类非敏感肠杆菌的耐药性与基因型研究

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摘要 目的 研究碳青霉烯类非敏感肠杆菌的耐药性与基因型。方法 自2013年6月至2014年6月采集碳青霉烯类非敏感肠杆菌共计110株,选用K-B纸片分析细菌对药物有无敏感性,采用改良后的Hodge试验分析碳青霉烯细菌在临床上的使用反应。测试菌株耐药基因对BLAST对比(局部序列比对)与PCR、DNA进行分析测试。结果 测试出替加环素中介11株和耐药4株(黏质沙雷菌、产气肠杆菌2株)。110株碳青霉烯类非敏感肠杆菌对头孢噻肟和阿莫西林/克拉维酸耐药率最高,头孢他啶、四环素、复方磺胺甲噁唑、亚胺培南、厄他培南、环丙沙星、氨曲南等耐药率均为64.9%~88.4%;而妥布霉素、阿米卡星、呋喃妥因、头孢吡肟耐药率较低,为16.6%~40.1%;敏感率增高的为替加环素、米诺环素,分别为82.0%和86.6%。研究发现110株碳青霉烯类非敏感肠杆菌当中,检测出blaSHV-12、blaCTX-M-15、ESBLs、blaCTX-M-33等基因。在110株碳青霉烯细菌当中还检测出1株黏质沙雷菌,基因型号为blaKPC-2;改良后的Hodge试验77株阳性,检出率为70%。36株(32.7%)ESBLs呈阳性,5株阴沟肠杆菌(blaIMP-26)与1株产气肠杆菌(blaVIM-2)基因、31株大肠埃希菌。结论 碳青霉烯肠杆菌的基因型主要有blaKPC-2基因、blaIMP-26基因、blaVIM-2基因。药敏结果显示碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科细菌对米诺环素和替加环素敏感率增高,临床用药时可根据患者病情进行合理选择,以达到控制感染的效果。
出处 《国际检验医学杂志》 CAS 2016年第16期2333-2334,共2页 International Journal of Laboratory Medicine
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