产科医院感染病原菌特征与影响因素分析

Pathogenic bacteria characteristics and influencing factors of nosocomial infections in obstetric department

目的探讨产科医院感染病原菌特征及感染危险因素,为降低医院感染率提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2011年4月-2014年4月医院产科住院2 031例产妇临床资料,记录医院感染率及病原菌特征,分析导致医院感染的危险因素,数据采用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2 031例产妇共有19例发生医院感染,感染率0.9%;共分离出24株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主,共13株占54.2%;多因素分析显示,分娩方式、妊娠糖尿病、阴道检查次数、住院时间是导致产妇发生医院感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论产科医院感染主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌,分娩方式、妊娠糖尿病、阴道检查次数、住院时间是导致产妇发生医院感染的独立危险因素;针对危险因素制定相应的预防措施是降低医院感染率的关键。

OBJECTIVE To explore the pathogenic bacteria characteristics and influencing factors of nosocomial infections in obstetric department,so as to provide references for reducing nosocomial infection rate.METHODS A total of 2031 cases of maternal clinical data in hospital from Apr.2011 to Apr.2014 were retrospectively analyzed,nosocomial infection rate and the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria were recorded,and the nosocomial infection risk factors were analyzed.The data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0.RESULTS Totally 19 cases of maternal infection occurred in 2031 cases,with the nosocomial infection rate of 0.9%.Totally 24 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the maternal samples,and mainly were 13 strains of gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 54.2%.Multiple factors analysis showed that delivery mode,gestational diabetes,the number of vaginal examination,and hospital stay were independent risk factors for nosocomial infections（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION The main pathogenic bacteria in obstetric department nosocomial infections are gram-negative bacteria,and delivery method,gestational diabetes,the number of vaginal examination,and hospital stay are independent risk factors for the occurrence of hospital infections.The main measures to reduce the nosocomial infection rate are developing the corresponding preventive measures according to the risk factors of nosocomial infections.