47例氯胺酮滥用者临床分析

The Clinical analysis of 47 Ketamine abusers cases

目的:探讨氯胺酮(K粉)滥用的临床特点、维持滥用的因素和疗效等。方法:对本院2014年5月至2015年6月单独滥用氯胺酮的47例住院患者临床资料进行临床分析。结果:患者男性为主,普遍文化程度高中或中专以下(87.2%),无业或个体经营占89.4%。滥用氯胺酮诱因与维持滥用因素主要有同伴、烦恼、渴求等。临床表现为情感障碍、泌尿系统相关损害为主要临床相。患者精神症状消失时间在8-56天,平均(24.8±10.1)天。临床治愈24(51.1%),显著进步19例(40.4%),显效率91.5%,好转4例(8.5%)。结论:滥用氯胺酮诱因与继续滥用因素主要为同伴、烦恼和渴求。临床主要表现为精神症状、泌尿系统相关损害。药物治疗重点以处理精神症状、泌尿系统相关损害为主,兼顾心理治疗,疗效较好。

Objective： To study the the Ketamine＇s clinical characters、the factors of maintenance and the Medication. Methods：Analyzing the clinical data of 47 patients,from May 2014 to June 2015,hospitalized with ketamine dependence in our hospital.Results： It＇s the male patient dominated,the general level of education is high school or below the technical secondary（ 87. 2%）,no busniness or individual business accounting for 89. 4%. The main factors of the abuse and maintenance of ＂K＂Powder are companions,annoyances and carving,etc. The clinical manifestations are emotional disorders and the main clinical phase is the urinary system damage. Psychiatric symptoms disappered in 8-56 days. the average is in（ 24. 8 ± 10. 1） days. There are 24 clinical cure cases（ 51. 1%） and 19 marked improvement cases（ 8. 5%）. The effective rate is 91. 5%. Conclusion： The main factors of the abuse and maintenance of ＂K＂Powder are companions,annoyances and carving. The main clinical manifestations are psychosis and urinary system damage. Drug treament focuses on the treament of psychosis,urinary system damage,supplementing with the psychological treatment. The effect is better.