民法典编纂中商事主体立法定位的路径选择

Route Selection of the Commercial Subject Legislation Positioning in the Civil Code Compilation

在营业行为普遍化和民事活动泛商化、民事主体转型为商事主体十分便捷的当代社会,如何应对商事主体已成为我国民法典编纂中不能回避的问题。商事主体立法的最优选择应是民法总则一般规定与商事主体单行法特别规定相结合的体例模式,即民法总则通过引入营业概念,确认营业自由原则,以一般性营业条款作领引、统摄,由商事主体特别法负责具体化、精细化。如此,则可形成既有法理内在逻辑、又具类型活泼多样的庞大商事主体立法体系。

Nowadays, business behaviors are popular and civil activities are commercialized, it is convenient to transform the civil subject to commercial subject. Under such circumstances, how to deal with the commercial subject has become an inevitable issue in China＇s civil code compilation. The best option for commercial subject legislation is the style pattern that combines the general regulations of general rules of civil law and special regulations of commercial subject single law, that is, the general rules of civil law acknowledge the business freedom principle by inviting business concepts. Guided by the regular business clauses, the commercial subject is responsible to make it materialized and refined. Thus, a complete commercial subject legislation system with inner logic of legal principles will be formed.