走向优势教育——兼论工具理性下“背离教育”的三种教育样态

To the Strength-based Education:On the Three Alienation Paradigms of Education Oriented by Instrumental Rationality

伴随改革开放的不断深化和社会的不断发展,我国教育事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。然而在不同的社会脉络中,工具理性的牵引让塑造教育、竞争教育和诊治教育三种"背离教育"的教育样态凸显,教育实践在寻求"目的-手段"合理性之时偏离了本应有的价值合理性。优势教育主张重新建构师生的生活世界,强调社会应支持教育进行主体性发展,从而实现不同教育主体的"美美与共"。这为我们走出工具理性的困境提供了一种值得期待的思路。

With the furtherance of the reform and the continuous development of the society, China has made remarkable achievements in education. Nevertheless, oriented by instrumental rationality in different social arenas, educational alienation is becoming more and more conspicuous. Such three alienation paradigms were emerging, namely shaping-oriented paradigm, competition-oriented paradigm and diagnostic-remedy paradigm. Education practice in search of aim-means reasoning, alienated farther from value rationality. The Strength- based education contends to rebuild the life world of teachers and students, stressing social assistance to education to foster the subjective development. Finally, it would realize the education subjects ＂all appreciate the best together＂, which offers an appreciated thinking to get out of the trouble of instrumental rationality.