2010-2014年安庆市流行性感冒监测结果分析

Influenza surveillance in Anqing,Anhui,2010-2014

目的通过对2010-2014年安庆市流行性感冒（流感）监测结果进行分析,为防控流感提供科学依据。方法登录国家流感监测系统,对2010-2014年安庆市哨点医院和网络实验室流感监测数据进行统计学分析,χ2检验用于数据分析。结果 2010-2014年安庆市流感样病例（ILI）就诊比例（ILI%）为3.73%,不同年份ILI%差异有统计学意义（χ2=187.18,P〈0.05）,ILI集中在0~岁组和5~岁组,分别占54.45%和28.86%。ILI核酸检测阳性率为6.92%,略低于安徽省平均水平,以季H3和B型为主,不同年份阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=70.21,P〈0.05）,男女不同性别阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.45,P〉0.05）。ILI与ILI%呈正相关关系（r=0.55,P〈0.05）,ILI%与阳性率呈正相关关系（r=0.43,P〈0.05）。结论 2010-2014年安庆市流感活动维持在较低水平。流感流行呈现明显的季节性,有冬季和夏季2个高峰,但高峰月出现偏移,尤其是夏季高峰。不同亚型呈现交替或并存流行,B型流感主要在冬季流行,且侵犯人群以小年龄组为主。ILI流行特征与病毒活动趋势基本一致。

Objective To understand the situation of influenza in Anqing,Anhui province,during 2010-2014 and provide evidence for influenza prevention and control. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the influenza surveillance data,collected from National Influenza System,in Anqing during this period,χ2test was conducted to analyze the surveillance and virus detection results. Results The overall proportion of influenza like illness（ ILI） in Anqing during this period was3. 73% and the annual differences were significance（ χ2= 187. 18,P〈0. 05）. ILI mainly occurred in age groups 0-1 years and 5-6 years,accounting for 54. 45% and 28. 86% respectively. The positive rate of nucleic acid detection in ILI cases was6. 92%,slightly lower than average level of Anhui province,and seasonal influenza A（ H3） and B viruses were predominant.The annual differences in nucleic acid positive rate were significant（ χ2= 70. 21,P〈0. 05）,while gender specific difference in nucleic acid positive rate was not significance（ χ2= 0. 45,P〉0. 05）. The positive correlation was found between ILI and ILI%（ r = 0. 55,P〈0. 05） and between ILI% and the nucleic acid positive rate（ r = 0. 43,P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Influenza activity level was lowin Anqing from 2010 to 2014,but the seasonality was obvious with winter peak and summer peak,while the month when the peak occurred varied,especially in summer. Different subtypes of viruses circulated alternatively or concurrently. Influenza B mainly occurred in the winter,mainly affecting young children. The influenza virus activity was nearly consistent with the epidemiological characteristics of ILI.