山东省济南市历城区健康人群水痘-带状疱疹病毒抗体水平调查

Survey of antibody level against varicella-zoster virus in healthy population in Licheng district,Jinan

目的了解山东省济南市历城区健康人群水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）抗体水平,掌握水痘易感人群,为今后水痘预防控制提供参考依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清中VZV-IgG抗体。结果共调查547人,年龄最小17月龄,最大的85岁,平均年龄（22.94±20.20）岁,VZV-IgG抗体阳性率为64.53%（353/547）。1~、4~、7~、10~、15~、20~、30~、40~、50岁及以上各年龄组抗体阳性率分别为26.74%、29.69%、59.78%、50.00%、73.68%、71.11%、95.16%、91.18%和97.18%,不同年龄组之间抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=173.33,P〈0.05）,有随着年龄增加而升高的趋势。14岁及以下儿童水痘疫苗接种率为43.62%。2006 2013年,济南市历城区14岁及以下人群水痘年平均报告发病率较高,为322.82/10万,以后随着年龄增加而降低,与VZV-IgG抗体水平调查结果相符。水痘病例中,70.27%为14岁及以下人群,27.50%为15~29岁人群。结论 14岁及以下儿童为济南市历城区水痘的易感人群,今后应提高该人群水痘疫苗的接种率,以形成有效的免疫屏障,达到预防水痘的目的。同时,15岁及以上人群水痘发病有增加趋势,应引起重视。

Objective To understand the antibody levels to varicella-zoster virus（ VZV） inhealthy population in Licheng district,Jinan,find out susceptible population and provide evidence for the prevention and control of varicella. Methods enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA） was conducted to detect VZV-Ig G antibody. Results A total of 547 people aged 1-85 years were surveyed,and the average age was（ 22. 94 ± 20. 20） years old. The VZV-Ig G positive rate was64. 53%（ 353 /547）. The age-specific VZV-Ig G positive rates were 26. 74%,29. 69%,59. 78%,50. 00%,73. 68%,71. 11%,95. 16%,91. 18% and 97. 18% in age groups 1-3 years,4-6 years,7-9 years,10-14 years,15-19 years,20-29 years,30-39 years,40-49 years and ≥ 50 years,respectively. There was significant difference in VZV-Ig G positive rate among different age groups（ χ2= 173. 33,P〈0. 05）. The varicella vaccination rate was 43. 62% in people aged ≤14 years. During 2006-2013,the annual average incidence of varicella was higher in people aged ≤14 years（ 322. 82 /100 000）,but lower in older age group,consistent with the age specific antibody levels to VZV. Among the varicella cases,those aged ≤14 years accounted for 70. 27%,and those aged 15-29 years accounted for 27. 50%. Conclusion Children aged ≤14 years are susceptible to varicella. It is necessary to increase varicella vaccination coverage and improve the herd immunity in this population to prevent varicella,and close attention should also paid to the increase of varicella in people aged ≥15 years.