铁路信号浪涌保护器限制电压的测量不确定度分析

Uncertainty Analysis on Limiting Voltage Measurement of Railway Signal Surge Protective Devices

限制电压作为浪涌保护器的重要电气性能指标,是用户选取浪涌保护器的主要依据。目前,许多实验室在测量限制电压时,往往忽略了对测量结果不确定度的分析,仅给出单一的测量值。由于浪涌保护器多由非线性元器件组成,测量结果的分散性比较大,再加上测量设备本身的不确定性,会导致测量值与产品本身的限制电压参考值之间产生较大的误差。结合实验室测量方法和测量设备,对铁路信号浪涌保护器的限制电压测量进行不确定度评定,指出测量限制电压过程中存在的不确定因素,以及如何对这些不确定性进行分析评定。

As a key electrical performance index for surge protective devices,the limiting voltage is the main basis for a user to select a surge protective device. At present,when measuring the limiting voltage,many labs often neglect the analysis on uncertainty in measured results,instead,they only provide a single measured value. Since most surge protective devices consist of nonlinear components and parts,due to the greatly-scattered measured results and uncertainty in the measuring equipment,it will result in a relatively great error between the measured value and the truth limiting voltage value of the product. In combination of the measuring methods and equipment adopted by the labs,an assessment on uncertainty is conducted regarding the limiting voltage for railway signal surge protective devices,to indicate uncertain factors that exist when measuring the limiting voltage and how to analyze and evaluate such uncertainties.