基于利益相关者理论的失地农民土地权益保护研究

Study on Land Rights and Interests Protection of Landless Farmers Based on the Stakeholder Theory

现阶段征地中失地农民土地权益受到侵害主要是因为失地农民与地方政府之间存在权力-依赖关系,且双方对对方的影响和权力是不对称的。通过利益相关者的结盟,可以改善失地农民与地方政府权力之间的不对称程度。根据利益相关者理论和权力-依赖理论,提出从5个方面保护失地农民合理、合法权利。(1)征地补偿标准由市场确定。(2)完善土地产权权能,提升失地农民对地方政府的影响力。(3)失地农民通过与其他群体结盟(如媒体、网民、民间维权组织等),增强应对地方政府的力量。(4)在失地农民和地方政府之间实行相对封闭的链式管理,使其相互制约。(5)提高中央政府对地方政府的监管力度。

At present,the main reasons that the land rights and interests of landless farmers are frequently violated are power-dependency relation between landless farmers and local government. Furthermore,the two kinds of power are asymmetrical and the nature of the two is different. The alliances of stakeholders can improve the degree of asymmetry between landless farmers and local government. According to the theories of stakeholders and power-dependency,this paper proposes the advice about the protection of landless farmers＇ land rights and interests from 5 aspects. Firstly,the compensation standards are determined by the market,which reduces the asymmetry of powers between landless farmers and local government. Secondly,to prefect the rights and power of land property and to increase the influence on local government form landless farmers. Thirdly,through the alliances with other groups（ e. g. media,netizen,civil rights organization,etc.） the landless farmers can increase the influence and power on local government. Fourthly,to carry out the closed-chain management between landless farmers and local government,which is conducive to be mutual restrict.Finally,to improve the supervision by the central government to the local government.