儿童烧伤的特点及预防

The characteristics and prevention of children＆#39;s burn

目的：探讨儿童烧伤发生特点及规律，以及找寻减少儿童烧伤发生的应对策略。方法回顾性分析978例12岁以下儿童烧伤住院患者的年龄分布、烧伤原因、伤情严重程度、好发月份、现场处理等情况。结果978例儿童烧伤占同期总的烧伤住院人数的55．4％，男601例、女377例，年龄以1～3岁发生率最高；烧伤原因主要是热液体；伤情以轻度及中度占绝大多数；多发于5～9月；烧伤后能正确处理的仅占11．0％；烧伤儿童绝大部分为农村人口。结论儿童烧伤主要是监护人对热源（主要是热液）管理不善、疏忽大意、安全意识淡漠所致；儿童烧伤有其规律性，加强以预防为主的宣传教育工作，加强监护人的安全防范意识非常重要；烧伤安全知识的普及以及正确的现场处理是防治儿童烧伤的关键。

Objective To explore the characteristics and laws of burned children,and to find the coping strategies on preventing and reducing the incidence of pediatric burns.Methods The age distribution,burn causes, degree of burn,easy -happening months and on -site treatment of 978 children under 12 years old were retrospective-ly analyzed.Results 978 pediatric burns patients made up 55.4% of all burned patients among which there were 601 male patients and 377 female patients.Most of them were 1 -3 years old.The main reason of burn was hot liquid. Most of them were minor and moderate burned.The easy -happing months were from May to September.Only 11.0%of these children were correctly treated.Most burn children were from countryside.Conclusion The main reasons of children being burned are poor management of hot liquid,carelessness and the indifference of safety consciousness. The cases of burned children are regular.It is important to strengthen the publicity and education of precaution and the consciousness of safety protection of custodian.The publicity of knowledge about burning safety and correct on -site treatment are important for prevention and cure of burned children.