城镇化进程中农村老年人社会支持及影响因素

Influence Factors of the Process of Urbanization in the Rural Social Support for the Aged

目的:了解城镇化进程中农村老年人社会支持的状况。方法:采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对胶州城镇化进程中200名老年人进行问卷调查。运用SPSS 17.0统计软件对数据进行方差分析。结果:1不同年龄、受教育程度、月均收入、经济来源、子女看望频率的老年人在主观支持方面存在显著差异(F=16.021,9.731,10.811,5.362,21.301;P<0.05);2不同年龄、受教育程度、月均收入、经济来源、子女看望频率、有无养老保障、做重大决策时子女的支持情况的老年人在客观支持上存在显著差异(F=3.184,11.137,12.771,6.576,9.663,3.169,17.813;P<0.05);3不同年龄、受教育程度、月均收入、经济来源、子女看望频率、有无养老保障的老年人在对社会支持的利用度上存在显著差异(F=7.473,10.348,9.578,9.521,6.112,10.575;P<0.05),但是做重大决定时子女的支持情况在老年人对社会支持的利用度上没有差异(P>0.05);4不同年龄、受教育程度、月均收入、经济来源、子女看望频率、有无养老保障、做重大决策时子女的支持情况的老年人在社会支持总分上存在显著差异(F=14.529,15.301,16.930,9.227,18.198,12.419,19.990;P<0.05)。结论:城镇化进程中农村老年人的社会支持受到年龄、受教育程度、经济状况、有无养老保障,老年人做决定时子女的支持情况等因素的影响。

Objective：To understand the status of rural socialsupport for the aged in the process of urbanization. Methods; 200 aged peoplein the process of urbanization in Jiaozhou completed social support rating scale（SSRS）ques- tionnaires.Using SPSS 17.0 statistical software for data analysis.Resglts： ①The subject support were different between different ages, education levels, monthly income, source of income, and times of children＇s visit （F=16.021, 9.731,10.811,5.362,21.301;P〈0.05） ;②There were significant differences between different ages,education levels, monthly income, source of income, times of children＇s visit, social security, and children support when makingde- cisions in objective support（F=3.184,11.137,12.771,6.576,9.663,3.169,17.813;P〈0.05） ;~There were signifi- cant differences between different ages, education levels,monthly income, source of income, times of children＇s visit, and social security in utilization of social support（F=7.473,10.348,9.578,9.521,6.112,10.575 ; P〈0.05） ; ③There were significant differences between different ages, education levels, monthly income, source of income,times of children＇s visit,social security and children support when making decisions in the total scores of social support（F=14. 529,15.301,16.930,9.227,18.198,12. 419,19. 990 ; P〈0.05 ）.Conclusion ： In the process of urbanization, the rural elderly social support is influenced by age, educational level, monthly income, source of income, social security, times of children＇s visit,and children support when makingdecisions,and so forth.