中职生希望感与心理健康的关系

Association between Hope and Mental Health among Secondary Vocational School Students

目的:了解中职生希望感的现状及其发展特点,探讨中职生希望感与心理健康的关系。方法:采用成人素质希望量表(ADHS)、心理健康诊断测验(MHT),以分层整群抽样的方法从中山市两所中职学校抽出高一、高二、高三的中职生共534名进行调查,对结果采用SPSS 17.0进行统计学处理。结果:1中职女生在学习焦虑、对人焦虑、过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向及MHT总分上显著高于男生(P均<0.05);2中职男生的希望感和路径思维显著高于女生(t=3.57,4.42;P均<0.05);高一、高三学生的希望感均显著高于高二学生(F=3.51,P<0.05);高三学生的路径思维显著高于高一、高二学生(F=3.94,P<0.05);3希望感与MHT各分量表呈显著负相关(r=-0.11^-0.26,P<0.05);希望感与MHT总分的相关系数为-0.24(P<0.05)。结论 :中职男生比女生心理更健康、更具希望感;中职生希望感总体水平不高,性别、年级对希望感有显著影响;希望感对心理健康具有重要预测作用,全面提升中职生的希望感有助于心理健康水平的提高。

Objective： To understand the current situation and development characteristics of secondary vocational school students hope,and analyze the relationship between hope and mental health.Methods： The Adult Dispositional Hope Scale（ADHS）and the Mental Health Test（MHT）were used.With the method of stratified cluster sampling, 534 students from two secondary schools in Zhongshan city were surveyed.Data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0.Results： ①Females were significantly higher than males in the study of anxiety, interpersonal anxiety, allergic tendencies, physical symptoms, terror tendency and MHT scores （P〈0.05）. ② Males were significantly higher than females in the pathways thinking and hope（t = 4.42,3.57;P〈0.05）.Freshmen and senior were significantly higher than sopho- more in hope（F =3.51, P〈0.05）.Senior were significantly higher than freshmen and sophomore in the pathways thinking（F= 3.94, P〈0.05）.Each component table of MHT had significantly negative correlations with ADHS（r = - 0.11 - - 0.26, P〈0.05 ）. The correlation coefficient between M HT and ADHS was -0.24 （P〈0.05 ）.Conclusion： in the secondary vocational school,males are mentally healthier,and more hopeful than females;Gender and grade have significant effects on the sense of hope;the sense of hope is an important predictive effect on mental health.To raise the level of mental health, enhancing the hope of secondary vocational school students is helpful.