儿童社会退缩行为与父母婚姻质量的关系

The Relationship between Children' Social Withdrawal Behavior and Parental Marriage Quality

目的：探讨2~3岁儿童社会退缩行为与父母婚姻质量的关系,以期为儿童社会退缩行为的干预提供依据和指导。方法：采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取深圳市404名儿童及其家长,通过Achenbach儿童行为量表、中国人婚姻质量量表对儿童退缩行为、父母婚姻质量进行调查。结果：儿童社会退缩行为异常的检出率为23.51%,男童检出率（27.12%）与女童的检出率（18.45%）差异具统计学意义（χ2=4.908,P〈0.05）。具有社会退缩行为儿童的父母婚姻质量总分及父母性格相容、夫妻交流、化解冲突、经济安排、业余活动、子女与婚姻、亲友关系、生活观念8个因子的均值均低于无社会退缩行为儿童的父母（P〈0.05）。同时,社会退缩行为与父母婚姻质量总分及其除情感与性生活、家庭角色外的其余8个因子均呈负相关（P〈0.05）;多因素分析结果显示,业余活动以及亲友关系对儿童社会退缩行为有影响（t=-4.726,-2.698;P〈0.01）。结论：儿童早期社会退缩行为与父母婚姻质量有关,婚姻质量高的父母其子女退缩行为检出率较低。

Objective：To explore the relationship between 2--3 years old children＇s social withdrawal behavior and parental marriage quality,and provide the method of education for improving children＇s behavior development.Meth- ods ： Using the method of stratified cluster random sampling, the number of 404 2--3 years old children was random- ly selected from Shenzhen, Achenbach＇ s Child Behavior Checklist（for 2- 3years old children）and Chinese Marital Quality Questionnaire were full with children＇s mothers to assess respectively on children＇s social withdrawal behav- ior and their parents＇ marriage quality. Results： The detection rate of social withdrawal abnormal behavior was 23.51%,and the detection rate of social withdrawal behavior problem among boys（（27.12% ）was higher than the girls＇（ 18.15%）, the difference of children＇s social withdrawal behavior was statistically significant between the gender （X^2= 4.908,P〈0.05）.The abnormal group which had social withdrawal behavior was worse than the normal group on marital quality and 8 indicators of marital quality which including parents consistent character,parent exchange, conflict resolution, economic arrangements, leisure activities, children and marriage, family relations and the idea of life, there were significant differences in marital quality between the two groups（P〈0.05）.Except emotion and sex, family role, children＇s social withdrawal behavior were negatively correlated with parental marriage quality and other 8 indicators of marital quality（P〈0.05）.In the indicators of the marriage quality, leisure activities（t=4.726, P〈 0.01） ,and family relations（t =-2.698,P〈0.01）could predict children＇s social withdrawal behavior.Conclusion： Parental marriage quality will affect children＇s social withdrawal behavior,the better marriage quality, the lower incidence of children＇s social withdrawal behavior.