上海市高中生人格特征与特长学习经历的关联性

Relationship between Personality and Speciality Training of High School Students in Shanghai

目的：了解上海市高中生的人格特征及其与特长学习经历的关联性。方法：采用方便抽样法抽取上海市5个区9所高中,对4056名高中生进行匿名问卷调查,内容包括一般人口学资料、高中生特长学习相关情况,采用艾森克个性问卷测量其人格特征。结果：被调查高中生中,71.2%的人参加过特长学习。17.1%的被调查高中生典型内向,13.5%的高中生典型外向,13.9%为典型精神质,13.8%为典型情绪稳定,15.5%为典型情绪不稳定。参加特长学习的学生精神质的比例均低于未参加特长学习的学生,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。参加艺术、科技、体育特长学习的学生比不参加的学生均倾向于外向,OR值分别为1.44（1.01~1.81）、2.04（1.35~3.07）、1.41（1.06~1.86）;参加特长学习的起始年龄每减小1岁,典型内向的可能性减小5%;喜欢其参加的特长学习的学生典型内向和典型精神质的可能性分别减小29%和36%（P均〈0.05）。结论：参加特长学习的种类、起始年龄和是否喜欢会对高中生人格特征产生不同程度影响。

Objective：To know the personality of high school students and its relationship with speciality training. Methods：A total of 4056 high school students from 9 high schools were selected by convenience sampling in Shanghai. Speciality training, personality and social--demographic characters were investigated. Results： 17.1% students were typical introversion, and 13.5 were typical extroversion. 13.9% students were typical psychoticism. 13.8% students were emotionally unstable,and 15.50% were stable.The percentage of psychoticism of students who participated speciality training was less than that of students who did not participate.Students who participated art, science and sport speciality training were more likely to be extroversion.The earlier to participated speciality training, the less likely to be introversion.Compared to students who did not like the speciality they participated, the risks of in- troversion and psychoticism decreased 29% and 36% respectively for students who like the speciality（P 〈 0.01）. Conelusion： Categories,interest and. the starting age for speciality training can affect the personality of high school students in various degrees.