大学生公正敏感性现状及其与父母教养方式的关系

The Justice Sensitivity of College Students and Its Relationship with Parental Rearing Style

目的:研究大学生公正敏感性现状及其与父母教养方式的关系。方法:采用心理测量学方法编制出大学生公正敏感性量表,并结合父母教养方式量表在天津某高校抽取的804名大学生中进行测查,应用差异检验和相关分析等统计方法进行分析。结果:1男女大学生在受害者敏感性(t=0.127,P>0.05)、受益者敏感性(t=0.111,P>0.05)、旁观者敏感性(t=0.905,P>0.05)以及公正敏感性总分(t=0.392,P>0.05)上均不存在显著差异;2家庭所在地不同的大学生在受害者敏感性(F=3.397,P<0.05)、受益者敏感性(F=15.156,P<0.001)、旁观者敏感性(F=3.600,P<0.05)以及公正敏感性总分(F=9.996,P<0.001)上均存在显著差异;3大学新生和老生在受害者敏感性(t=2.734,P<0.05)、受益者敏感性(t=2.530,P<0.05)以及公正敏感性总分(t=2.693,P<0.05)上均存在显著差异;4当以公正敏感性的不同维度分及总分为因变量时,父母教养方式量表的不同因子进入回归方程。父亲教养方式量表在4种情况下:受害者敏感性(F=20.317,P<0.001)、受益者敏感性(F=28.702,P<0.001)、旁观者敏感性(F=13.297,P<0.001)、公正敏感性总分(F=16.495,P<0.001),皆有一些因子进入回归方程,而母亲教养方式只有在以受益者敏感性为因变量的条件下,因子Ⅱ(过分干涉、保护)进入回归方程。结论:1自编的大学生公正敏感性量表达到心理测量学基本标准;2公正敏感性不存在显著的性别差异;3新生较高年级学生公正敏感性更强;4来自农村的学生公正敏感性较强;5父母的教养方式对子女公正敏感性有一定影响,且父母表现出不同的影响模式。

Objective：To study the justice sensitivity of college students and its relationship with parental rearing style.Methods：Parental Rearing Style Scales and College Student Justice sensitivity scales constructed by the author of this article were applied on 804 college students.Results：1There were no sexual differences in JS victim（t=0.127,P〉0.05）,JS beneficiary（t=0.111,P〈0.05）,JS observer（t=0.905,P〈0.05）or JS total score（t=0.392,P〈0.05）.2There were significant differences between college students from different areas in JS victim（F=3.397,P〈0.05）,JS benificiary（F=15.156,P〈0.001）,JS observer（F=3.600,P〈0.05）and JS total score（F=9.996,P〈0.001）.3There were significant differences between first year students and senior students in JS victim（t=2.734,P〈0.05）,JS benificiary（t=2.530,P〈0.05）and JS total score（t=2.693,P〈0.05）.4When dependent variables were all dimensions of justice sensitivity,different factors of parental rearing style entered the regression equations.Under four conditions：JS victim（F=20.317,P〈0.001）,JS benificiary（F=28.702,P〈0.001）,JS observer（F=13.297,P〈0.001）and JS total score（F=16.495,P〈0.001）,some factors of father rearing style entered the regression equations.Only when dependent variable was JS benificiary,factorⅡ（excessive interference or protection）of mother rearing style entered the regression equations.Conclusion：1College Student Justice sensitivity scales reachs the standards of psychometric.2No significant gender difference exists in justice sensitivity.3First year students have more justice sensitivity than senior students.4Students from the rural areas have more justice sensitivity than students from the cities.5Different parental rearing styles has a certain influence on children＇s justice sensitivity,and the influence of parents shows different patterns.