大学生就业压力、人格特质与择业取向的关系

Research on Relationship of Undergraduate's Employment Pressure,Personality Traits and Career Orientation

目的:探讨本科毕业生人格特质在就业压力与择业取向间的中介作用。方法:采用大学生择业取向量表,大学生就业压力量表和大五人格量表对314名本科毕业生进行集体施测。结果:男生在择业目的、职业定位和薪酬期望上得分高于女生,而在择业标准上低于女生(P<0.05);在择业标准、职业定位和薪酬期望得分上理>文>艺术,而在地域选择上,理科生得分要低于文科生和艺术生(P<0.05)。就业压力与择业目的呈显著正相关(r=0.248,P<0.01),与择业标准和薪酬期望呈显著负相关(r=-0.175,-0.143;P<0.01)。中介效应分析表明,外向性在就业压力与薪酬期望之间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的16.5%;情绪稳定性和尽责性在就业压力与择业目的之间起部分中介作用,中介效应分别占总效应的26.9%和15.8%。结论:大学生的就业压力直接或间接地通过人格特质影响其择业取向。

Objective：To explore the mediating effect of personality traits on relationship among employment pressure and career orientation in college graduates.Methods：Totally 360 college graduates were surveyed with the College Students＇ Employment Pressure Scale,NEO-FFI and Career Decision Scale.Results：Males had higher scores at career goal,salary expectation and career location than females,females had higher scores at career standard than males（P〈0.05）;Students majored in science had higher scores at career standard,career location and salary expectation than students majored in humanities and arts,at the same time,students majored in humanities and arts had higher scores at regional decision than students majored in science（P〈0.05）.Employment pressure had significantly correlation with career standard,career goal and salary expectation（r=-0.175,0.248,-0.143;P〈0.01）;Extraversion played part intermediary role in the relationship between employment pressure and salary expectation;Nervousness,extraversion and conscientiousness played part intermediary role in the relationship between employment pressure and career goal.Conclusion：Employment pressure can effectively predict career orientation.Personality traits are the intermediary variable between employment pressure and career orientation.