3Michael G. Chang, "The Good, the bad, and the Beautiful: Movie Actresses and Public Discourse in Shanghai, 1920s-1930s" in Cinema and Urban Culture in Shallghai, 1922 1943, ed. Yingjin Zbang (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999), 128-129.
4Katherine Hui- ling Chou, "Staging Revolution: Actresses, Realism and the New Woman Movement in Chinese Spoken Drama and Film, 1919-1949", New York University, 1997o.
