常州市武进区65岁及以上老年人贫血现况分析

Analysis on current situation of anemia in elderly people over 65 years old in Wujin District of Changzhou City

目的了解常州市武进区65岁及以上老年人贫血患病情况,并探讨其相关危险因素,为进一步预防老年人贫血提供科学依据。方法收集武进区65岁以上老年人免费体检数据,并对其结果进行分析。结果共收集体检数据完整者65 402例,调查人群Hb平均水平为(134.36±14.57)g/L;贫血患病率为19.31%,男性(16.96%)低于女性(21.30%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=196.03,P<0.01);随着年龄的增高,贫血的患病率逐渐上升,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 423.84,P<0.01);体重偏轻(BMI<18.5 kg/m^2)人群贫血患病率高达37.60%,显著高于其他组别;农村老年人贫血患病率(20.75%)高于城区(11.66%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=463.68,P<0.01);多元logistic回归分析结果显示,随着年龄的增高,贫血患病的危险程度升高,70~74、75~79、80~84以及≥85岁组患贫血的风险是65~69岁组的1.37、1.78、2.19、2.53倍;女性发生贫血的风险高于男性(OR=1.53,95%CI:1.47~1.60,P<0.01);体重偏轻人群贫血患病风险高于体重正常人群(OR=1.78,95%CI:1.65~1.92,P<0.01);肾小球滤过率(e GFR)<60 ml/(min·1.73m2)人群患贫血风险高于正常组(OR=1.14,95%CI:1.09~1.20,P<0.01);农村老年人群贫血患病风险高于城区人群(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.49~1.64,P<0.01)。结论武进区65岁及以上老年人贫血患病率较高,性别、年龄、BMI、肾功能、城乡对贫血患病有明显的影响,应对高龄人群采取综合措施预防贫血的发生。

[Objective] To observe the prevalence situation of anemia in elderly people over 65 years old in Wujin District of Changzhou City,explore its risk factors,and provide scientific basis for further prevention of elderly anemia. [Methods]The data of free medical examination of elderly people over 65 years old in Wujin District were collected and analyzed.[Results]A total of 65 402 cases with complete results were collected. The average Hb level was（134.36±14.57）g/L. The prevalence of anemia was 19.31%,while the prevalence rate in males（16.96%） was lower than that in females（21.30%）,and the difference was statistically significant（χ2 =196.03,P〈0.01）. The prevalence rate of anemia significantly increased with age,and the difference was statistically significant（χ2 =1 423.84,P〈0.01）. The prevalence of anemia in subjects whose BMI was lower than 18.5 kg/m2 reached 37.60%,which was significantly higher than that in other subjects. The prevalence of anemia in rural elderly people（20.75%） was higher than that in urban l elderly people（11.66%）,and the difference was statistically significant（χ2 =463.68,P〈0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of anemia increased with age,and the risk of anemia in 70-74,75-79,80-84 and≥85 year-old age groups was respectively 1.37,1.78,2.19 and 2.53 times as much as the risk in 65-69 year-old age group. The risk of anemia in females was higher than that in males（OR=1.53,95% CI：1.47-1.60,P〈0.01）. The population with light weight had a higher risk of anemia as compared with the normal weight group（OR=1.78,95% CI：1.65-1.92,P〈0.01）. The elderly people whose e GFR was lower than 60 ml/（min·1.73m2）had a higher risk of anemia as compared with the normal group（OR=1.14,95% CI：1.09-1.20,P〈0.01）. The risk of anemia in rural elderly people was higher than that in urban elderly people（OR=1.56,95% CI：1.49-1.64,P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The prevalence of anemia in the elderly population over 65 years old in Wujin District of Changzhou City is high. Gender,age,BMI,renal function,and urban-rural region have a significant effect on the prevalence of anemia. It is necessary to take the comprehensive measures to prevent the occurrence of anemia among the elderly population.