摘要
噪声性听力损失(noise-induced hearing loss,NIHL)多产生于工矿企业的噪声污染,是导致感音神经性听力损失的第2位原因,近年来受到社会广泛关注。NIHL的发病率仅次于老年性耳聋,发病原因与噪声强度、频率及噪声作用时间有关,是完全可以预防的不可逆性疾病。作者基于噪声的特性全面论述了噪声性听力损失的诊断标准、特点和发病机制,以及噪声对机体的其他损害,并结合职业危害给出了针对性的防噪及降噪措施。
Noise-induced hearing loss（NIHL） is mainly born in industrial and mining enterprises due to noise pollution, and it has come into being the second inducement of sensorineural hearing loss. Recently years,NIHL has become both a hot and troublesome issue and has been received wide attention. The incidence of NIHL is only inferior to presbycusis, and its cause is related to noise intensity,noise frequency and exposure time. Although NIHL is an irreversible disease,it can be prevented completely. The authors introduce the diagnostic criteria,characteristics and pathogenesis of NIHL,describe some other noises injury,and put forward some measures of anti-noise and noise reduction according to occupational hazards.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2016年第14期2009-2012,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
噪声
感音神经性耳聋
防噪
降噪
Noise
Sensorineural hearing loss
Anti-noise
Noise reduction
