我国基础教育财政支出的收敛性研究——基于2003-2013年的面板数据

Research on the Convergence of China's Basic Education Financial Expenditure- Based on Panel Data from 2003 to 2013

本文利用2003-2013年我国30个省市自治区的省际面板数据,在现有财政支出收敛理论和经济增长空间收敛模型的基础上,构建了基础教育财政支出收敛模型,并对我国各级基础教育财政支出的收敛情况进行了实证检验。研究结果表明,我国各级基础教育财政支出在2003-2013年间不存在一致绝对σ收敛;各级教育资源的配置均存在较为明显的空间自相关性,不同层级的基础教育服务均表现出绝对β收敛和条件β收敛现象,其中高中层面的绝对β收敛速度要快于小学和初中,而小学层面的条件β收敛速度要快于高中和初中。总体而言,经济增长加快了我国各级基础教育财政支出的收敛速度,产生了正向作用。虽然我国各级基础教育财政支出在2003-2013年间呈现出收敛的趋势,但国家仍有必要采取针对性措施以继续促进我国基础教育的均衡发展。

This paper employed the panel data from 2003 to 2013 in Chinese 30 provinces to construct the convergence model of China＇s basic education financial expenditure at all levels based on the current existing fiscal expenditure convergence theory and economic growth convergence. Research results show thatduring the study period there is no uniform absolutetrconvergencein public expenditure on basic education at all levels;there is spatial autoeorrelationin education resources allocation at all levels and different levels of basic education services showed absolute β convergence and conditional β convergence, in which the absolute β convergence rate of the high school is faster than that of elementary school and junior high school, and conditional β convergence speed at primary is faster than that of high school and junior high school. Overall, economic growth has accelerated the convergence rate of basic education finance expenditure at all levels, which has a positive effect. Although the financial expenditure of basic education in our country has appeared the trend of convergence in the study period, it is necessary to take targeted measures to promote the balanced development of basic education in our country.