不同砧木品种对“法兰西”西梅生长及果实品质的影响

Effect of Different Root Stocks on the Growth and Fruit Quality of P.domestica L.‘France'

以实生杏、毛桃砧和酸梅砧3种砧木嫁接的“法兰西”西梅为试材,通过筛选优良的砧木品种,探究其对“法兰西”西梅生长及果实品质的影响,为其嫁接栽培与生产提供理论依据。结果表明：不同砧木的“法兰西”西梅物候期和生长特性有一定的差异,毛桃砧的初果期和盛果期比其它2个砧木较早,落叶期较晚;毛桃砧的树高、主干直径、新梢长最高。不同砧木对“法兰西”西梅的产量和果实品质有一定的影响,毛桃砧的单株产量最高,为15.01kg;在果实外部品质上,不同砧木的“法兰西”西梅对果实大小的影响较大,但对其它特征的影响不大;在果实内部品质上,果实硬度、可溶性糖、维生素C、花青素、糖酸比等指标存在一定的差异,其它指标基本一致,差异不显著。不同砧木品种综合得分波动于-1.613~1.947,毛桃砧的综合得分最高。综合比较发现,毛桃砧嫁接的“法兰西”西梅长势好、品质好,适于推广。

Using P.domestica L.‘France＇grafted with apricot root stock,peach root stock,plum tree root stock as experimental material,to screen out the fine root stock varieties for P.domestica L.‘France＇,and its influence on fruit setting characters and fruit quality of P.domestica L.‘France＇were explored,to provide a theoretical basis for Prunes grafting cultivation and production.The results showed that,it had some differences at phenology and growth characteristics of different root stocks of‘France＇.Date of early fruit and date of full fruit of peach root stock were earlier than the other two root stocks,date of defoliation of it was later than others.Tree height,trunk diameter,shoot length were higher than others.Different root stocks had a certain impact on yield and fruit quality of‘France＇.Yield of per tree of peach root stock higher than others,as 15.01 kg.On the external quality of the fruit,greater impact on different root stocks on fruit size of‘France＇,but had little effect on other features.There were some difference between fruit firmness,soluble sugar,vitamin C,anthocyanin,sugar acid ratio etc..Other indicators were basically the same,the difference was not significant.The comprehensive score of different root stock was between-1.613 and 1.947,the comprehensive score of peach root stock was higher than other pears.By comprehensive comparison,P.domestica L.‘France＇grafted with peach root stock had good growth and fruit quality,which was suitable for promotion.