环境水中嗜肺军团菌的分离培养法和巢式PCR法比较

Comparison of detection of Legionella pneumophila in environmental water by conventional isolation and cultivation and nested PCR

目的应用传统分离培养法和巢式PCR法检测环境水中嗜肺军团菌污染状况,并比较两种方法的检测效果。方法于2012年7-10月,采集北京市丰台区商场和超市、宾馆和饭店、综合性医院三类场所的中央空调冷却水、自来水、淋浴水、景观水,分别使用培养法及巢式PCR法检测嗜肺军团菌。结果共检测187件水样,传统分离培养法对嗜肺军团菌的检出率为2.67%（5/187）,低于巢式PCR法[19.79%（37/187）],差异有统计学意义（χ-2=27.465,P〈0.01）。结论北京丰台区多种环境水体存在嗜肺军团菌污染;巢式PCR法对环境水中嗜肺军团菌的灵敏度优于传统分离培养法。

Objective To investigate the contamination status of Legionella pneumophila in environmental water and compare the detection rate of conventional isolation and cultivation and nested PCR. Methods The samples from cooling water,tap water,shower water and scenic water from stores,hotels and hospitals were collected during July to October,2012 and were tested by conventional method and nested PCR respectively. Results A total of 187 samples were collected and tested. The positive rate of Legionella pneumophila by conventional method and nested PCR was 2.67%（5/187） and 19.79%（37/187）respectively with a significant difference in the detection rate（χ-2=27.465,P〈0.01）. Conclusion Legionella pneumophila contamination exists in environmental water in Fengtai district of Beijing. The detection rate of Legionella pneumophila with nested PCR is higher compared with the conventional method.