烟草烟雾影响支气管哮喘:机制与对策

Impact of tobacco smoke on bronchial asthma:mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

茄科植物曾因其抗胆碱能性质而被作为抗哮喘药物使用。然而自20世纪以来,大量研究逐渐证实烟草烟雾暴露是多种疾病的危险因素。烟草烟雾暴露可导致支气管哮喘患者症状控制不佳,增加急性发作风险和加速肺功能下降等。其机制可能有改变支气管哮喘气道炎症表型、加重气道重塑和气道高反应性,并引起气道对糖皮质激素治疗不敏感。目前对烟雾暴露支气管哮喘患者的治疗管理主要包括控烟以及其他药物干预,如吸入糖皮质激素、长效β受体激动剂、白三烯受体拮抗剂和他汀类药物等。

Solanaceae once acted as an anti-asthraafic agent due to its anticholinergic property. Since last century3 however, lots of studies have defined tobacco smoke exposure as risk factors for a range of conditions and have shown that when coupled with asthraa, smoking leads to more pronounced symptoms, increased exacerbation rates, accderated decline in lung function through various mechanisms not fillly understood. Its potential pathogenesis is thought to include the alternation in inflammation, severer airway remolding and bronchus hyperreponsiveness, and insensitivity to glucocorticoids. Thempeutic management for smoking asthmatics currently consists of smoking cessation and other pharmacological interventions, including inhaling corticosteroids, long-acting β-adrenoceptor agonist, leukotriene receptor antagonists and statins, etc.