宁夏膜下滴灌玉米不同施肥模式的试验研究

Experimental Study on Different Fertilization Patterns at Different Growth Stages of Maize Under Mulched Drip Irrigation in Ningxia

通过设置不同施肥量和施肥比例,研究不同生育期内不同施肥模式对玉米生理指标与产量的影响,从而为宁夏引黄灌区提供适合当地推广的滴灌施肥模式。通过田间试验得出:同一种施肥模式对不同玉米品种的影响不同。两个玉米品种均在F1(N:285kg/hm2、P:120kg/hm2、K:128kg/hm2)水平下取得,但最优施肥比例不同。迪卡519:CK产量为14 987kg/hm2,滴灌最高产量施肥比例为P3,产量为16 536kg/hm2,增产10.3%、节水26.2%;正大12:CK产量为13 930kg/hm2,滴灌最高产量施肥比例为P2,产量为15 075kg/hm2,增产8.2%、节水23.6%。F1施肥量相对对照来说氮肥节约:27.7%,磷肥节约:24.1%,钾肥节约:11.1%。

In order to study the effects of different growth period of different fertilization patterns on maize physiological indexes and yield, different fertilization mode were controlled by setting different fertilizing amount and proportion, therefore providing the suitable fertilization mode in Ningxia irrigation area. The results of the field experiment showed： the same fertilization mode has different effects on different maize varieties. The highest yield of two maize varieties were obtained in the same fertilization amount of F1, but the optimal proportion of fertilization is different. Dika 519：the production of control was 14 987 kg/hm^2 , the highest yield of the fertigation proportion was P3, and the yield was 16 536 kg/hm^2 , increasedby 10. 3%, the water consumption decreased by 26. 2%; Zhengda 12： the yield of control was 13 930 kg/hm^2 , the highest yield of the fertigation proportion was P2, and the yield was 15 075 kg/hm^2, increased by 8. 2%, saving water23.6%. Compared with the amount of fertilizer of F1 and control, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were reduced by 27.7%, 24. 1% and 11.1%, respectively, for treatment F1.