鸭A-FABP基因多态性在品种和世代间的比较分析

Comparative Study of Polymorphism in Breeds and Generations Based on Duck A-FABP Gene

为了解脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白(adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein,A-FABP)基因在不同鸭品种、世代间的突变情况,以山麻鸭、巢湖鸭、金定鸭(3个世代群体)等9个鸭品种为材料,设计2对引物,用SSCP方法检测A-FABP基因多态性,比较不同鸭品种之间、金定鸭3个世代群体之间基因型、等位基因频率、群体遗传参数。结果显示,9个鸭品种中共形成A、B、C、D 4个等位基因,对不同基因型序列进行比较发现,在内含子1中有6个单核苷酸突变。在9个鸭品种中,B等位基因频率均明显高于A、C、D。大部分鸭品种之间基因型频率存在显著性差异,金定鸭3个世代群体之间基因型频率无明显差异。所有鸭品种的群体杂合度都在0.4以上,山麻鸭、攸县麻鸭、广西小麻鸭、金定鸭3个世代群体均为中度多态,其他鸭品种为高度多态。除山麻鸭和临武鸭外,其他鸭品种均处于HardyWeinberg平衡状态。可见,鸭不同品种中A-FABP基因具有丰富的单核苷酸多态性,采用小群保种方式,金定鸭A-FABP基因多态位点形成的基因型频率在世代间无显著性变化。

The purpose was to understand the information about mutations of A-FABP gene among different breeds and generation. Nine duck breeds( Shan Partridge duck,Chaohu duck,three generational populations of Jinding duck,and so on) were used,two pairs of primers were designed to detect polymorphism of A-FABP gene by the technique of SSCP. The genotype frequency,allele frequency,population genetic parameter were compared among different duck breeds and three generational populations of Jinding duck. Allele A,B,C and D were found in nine duck breeds. Six mutations were found in the first intron through comparison of the sequence among different genotypes. The frequency of allele B was significantly higher than allele A,C and D among nine duck breeds. The genotype frequency was significantly different among many duck breeds,but the genotype frequency was not significantly different among Jinding duck's three generational populations. The heterozygosity was higher than 0. 4 in all duck breeds. The data of PIC indicated that Shan Partridge duck,Youxian duck,Guangxi Small Partridge duck and Jinding duck three generational populations belonged to the middle level of polymorphism,and other duck breeds belonged to the high level of polymorphism. Except for Shanma duck and Linwu duck,other duck breeds accorded with Hardy-Weinberg 's equilibrium law. Different duckbreeds had affluent mononucleotide polymorphism in A-FABP gene,and the genotype frequency was significantly different in many breeds. The genotype frequency of A-FABP gene was not significantly different in the generations of Jinding duck,which was conservancy by small population.