绝经后子宫内膜异位症的研究进展

Progress of Research on Postmenopausal Endometriosis

子宫内膜异位症(EMs)是雌激素依赖性疾病,好发于生育年龄。绝经后异位内膜病灶可因为缺少雌激素刺激而逐渐萎缩吸收,但仍有部分病灶持续存在或新发,甚至恶变,给临床的诊治造成困难。目前绝经后EMs的发病机制仍有待于进一步研究。与育龄期EMs患者相比,绝经后EMs的临床表现不典型,多数患者无明显临床症状,需要借助多种检查方法进行辅助诊断和随访。手术是治疗绝经后EMs首选方法,对于复发或不能耐受手术的患者,芳香酶抑制剂显示出一定的疗效,但其进入临床应用还需进一步研究和更多的临床试验。

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease which normally happened in reproductive age. During themenopause, some ectopic lesions regress by reason of lacking estrogen, but there are still a part of lesions persist or emerge, evencanceration, which brings difficulties for clinical treatment. At present, the mechanisms of postmenopausal endometriosis remaina subject of controversy and still need more research. Compared to reproductive patients, clinical manifestations of postmenopausalendometriosis are atypical. Most patients have subclinical signs that need multiple examinations to diagnose and follow-up visit.Surgery is the first choice of treatment in women with postmenopausal endometriosis. In patients with recurrence or who cannottolerate surgery, aromatase inhibitors has shown an certain curative effect, although more studies are needed before clinical application.