2013-2014年某医院大肠埃希氏菌耐药性分析

Analysis of Drug Resistance of Escherichia Coli in a Hospital from 2013 to 2014

目的了解2013年—2014年某县级医院感染病原菌分布及对抗菌药物的耐药率,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法采用VITEK系统或API系统进行菌株鉴定,细菌药物敏感性测定采用纸片扩散法（K-B法）。结果 2013年—2014年该院临床感染的主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌,大肠埃希氏菌占25.8%。在耐药药物中,其对阿洛西林、阿奇霉素、头孢曲松、左氧氟沙星的耐药率均在40%以上。对阿米卡星、加替沙星、头孢哌酮和克林霉素较为敏感。其耐药率在两年的变迁有统计学意义（χ~2=25.145,P〈0.01）。结论大肠埃希氏菌耐药现象比较严重,应根据病原菌的分布及其耐药性合理选用抗菌药物。

Objective To understand the current hospital infection of pathogenic bacteria distribution and the antimicrobial resistance,and to provide reference for clinical rational use of antimicrobial drugs.Methods Using VITEK system or API for strain identification,determination of bacterial drug sensitivity by disc diffusion method（ K-B）. Results From 2013 to 2014,the main pathogenic bacteria in hospital clinical infection of gram-negative bacteria,Escherichia coli（ E. coli） accounted for 25. 8%. E. coli were resistant to azlocillin,azithromycin,ceftriaxone and levofloxacin,which showed a resistance frequency above 40%. On the other hand,it was relatively sensitive to amikacin,gatifloxacin,cefoperazone and clindamycin. There was a statistical significance of drug resistance between 2013 and 2014. Conclusion E. coli resistance phenomenon is relatively serious. Medicine choice should be based on the pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance.