刀豆蛋白A与四氯化碳诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤病理特点

Study on the pathological features of acute liver injury induced by concanavalin A and carbon tetrachloride in mice

目的对比刀豆蛋白A(Con A)与四氯化碳(CCl_4)诱导的小鼠(C57BL/6)急性肝损伤病理形态特点的异同。方法 Con A(Sigma公司)10 mg/kg尾静脉注射一次;腹腔注射10%CCl_4油剂0.1 ml/10 g一次,24 h取肝脏4%中性福尔马林固定,苏木精-伊红染色(HE),显微镜下观察病理形态。结果 Con A损伤组:肝细胞凝固性坏死并未使肝腺泡III带的肝细胞完全破坏,部分肝细胞保留,中央静脉保留,坏死带亦可出现在肝腺泡I带,大部肝细胞轮廓可见;CCl_4损伤组:肝小叶中心(肝腺泡III带)凝固性坏死,肝细胞崩解,细胞核崩解。坏死范围大者可累及肝腺泡II带,坏死带与毗邻小叶坏死带相连成片。经图像分析比较发现,Con A模型组较CCl_4组大鼠坏死面积范围小,差异有统计学意义(12.5%vs.25.2%,P<0.05)。结论 Con A与CCl_4诱导的急性肝损伤机制不同,病理形态学变化不同,坏死面积也不同。了解二者的区别可以更好地利用两种动物模型,筛选有效的治疗方案。

Objectiye To compare the pathological features of acute liver injury caused by concanavalin A（Con A）and carbon tetrachlo-ride（CCl4）in C57BL/ 6 mice. Methods Con A（10 mg/ kg）was injected via tail vein of mice and CCl4（10% ,0. 1 ml/ kg）was administered by intraperitoneal injection to mice. There were 6 mice in control group,7 mice in Con A group and 7 mice in CCl4 group. Livers of mice were harvested after 24 hours and fixed in 4% neutral formalin,then stained by hematoxylin - eosin for morphological observation. Results In mice models of Con A group,coagulative necrosis occurred both in band I and band III of hepatic acinus. Furthermore,hepatocytes were not entirely ne-crosed and cell membrane of hepatocytes had been preserved. On the contrary,in CCl4 models,necrosis occurred universally in band III of hepatic acinus,and hepatocytes were entirely died. Necrotic area in Con A model was significantly lesser than that of CCl4 model（12. 5% vs. 25. 2% , P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Due to the difference in mechanism of liver injury,pathological features of acute liver injury caused by Con A or CCl are different;hence the strategy for treatment is also different. The understanding of this point of view can help investigators to select the appropri-ate models for screening effective medication.