高温处理对酚醛树脂基复合材料性能的影响

Effects of Heat Treatment on Properties of Phenolic Resin Based Composite

以自制的酚醛树脂（PF）为基体,玻璃纤维布（GFC）、高硅氧玻璃纤维布（HSGFC） 和碳纤维布（CFC）为增强体,采用铺层模压法制备了PF/GFC,PF/CFC 和PF/HSGFC 复合材料,并在200～800℃范围内对复合材料进行了高温处理,研究了不同处理温度对这3 种复合材料失重率和力学及烧蚀性能影响.结果表明,当处理温度高于400℃后,3 种复合材料的失重率随处理温度升高逐渐增大,其中,PF/CFC 的失重率最大,而PF/GFC 的失重率最低;但800℃下3 种复合材料的失重率均在10% 以下.随处理温度升高,3 种复合材料的弯曲强度、压缩强度、拉伸强度总体上均先增大后减小,当处理温度为400℃达到最大,烧蚀性能具有与力学性能相反的变化趋势.在400℃的处理温度下,PF/GFC 的弯曲强度、质量烧蚀率和线烧蚀率最高,拉伸强度最低;PF/CFC 的压缩强度、拉伸强度最高,线烧蚀率最低;而PF/HSGFC 的压缩强度和弯曲强度最低,其质量烧蚀率也最低.

Taking phenolic resin （PF） as matrix and glass fiber cloth （GFC）,high-silica glass fiber cloth （HSGFC） and carbonfiber cloth （CFC） as reinforcement,the PF/GFC,PF/HSGFC and PF/CFC composites were prepared through stacking compressionmolding,then the three composites were treated in the range of 200–800℃ . The effects of treating temperature on the weightloss rate,mechanical and ablative properties of the composites were studied. The results show that when the treating temperature isabove 400℃,the weight loss rates are improved with the increase of treating temperature,the weight loss rate of PF/CFC is maximumand that of PF/GFC is minimum,the weight loss rates of the three composites are below 10% at 800℃ . With the increase ofthe treating temperature,the bending,compression and tensile strength of the three composites first increase and then decrease andreach maximum at 400℃,the changes of ablation properties are the opposite of mechanical properties. Under 400℃,the bendingstrength,mass ablation rate and line ablation rate of PF/GFC are highest but tensile strength is lowest,the compression,tensilestrength of PF/CFC are highest and the line ablation rate is lowest,the compression,bending strength and mass ablation rate of PF/HSGFC are all lowest.