集束化护理在4种晚期癌症病人家庭护理中的应用

Application of cluster nursing in family nursing of four kinds of patients with advanced cancer

[目的]探讨集束化护理在肺癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌4种晚期癌症病人家庭护理中的应用效果。[方法]选择经过放疗和化疗后转为家庭护理的肺癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌病人,随机分为家庭集束化护理组(C组)和家庭常规护理组(R组)。R组病人由家庭人员自行护理,C组病人由经过培训的家庭护理人员进行家庭集束化护理,于病人出院时和出院1周、5周、10周、15周比较两组病人的自我效能感、新增加并发症发生率、健康状况、焦虑和抑郁指数。[结果]出院15周后,C组病人低等自我效能感、新增加并发症发生率、焦虑和抑郁指数低于R组,高等自我效能感、日常生活和社会活动能力高于R组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]家庭集束化护理能有效提高4种晚期癌症病人自我效能感和健康状况,降低焦虑和抑郁程度,减少新增加并发症的发生。

Objective：To explore application effect of cluster nursing in family nursing of four kinds of patients with advanced cancer,lung cancer,liver cancer,breast cancer and cervical cancer.Methods：Patients with lung cancer,liver cancer,breast cancer and cervical cancer who were treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy were transferred to home care ward,were randomly divided into the family cluster nursing group（group C）and the routine nursing group（group R）.Patients of group C were carried out family cluster nursing by trained home care staff,Patients of group R received nursing care of their family members.On discharge and 1weeks,5weeks,10 weeks and 15 weeks,the self efficacy,new increase in the incidence of complications,health status,anxiety and depression of two groups of patients were compared.Results：On discharged 15 weeks,low self-efficacy sense,incidence of complications,degree of anxiety and depression of patients in group C were lower than that in group R.And higher self-efficacy sense,daily life and social activity ability of patients in group C were higher than that in group R.The differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Family cluster nursing could effectively improve the self-efficacy sense and health status of four kinds of patients with advanced cancer,reduce degree of anxiety and depression,and reduce the incidence of complications.