非酒精性韦尼克脑病的临床与MRI影像特征

The clinical and neuroimage features of Non- alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy

目的非酒精性韦尼克脑病(Wernicke encehalopathy,WE)易误诊,本文旨在提高对该病的认识。方法回顾性分析6例非酒精性WE患者临床及MRI特征。结果 6例患者均出现不同程度的意识障碍,其中仅2例表现为经典的三联征。6例患者均出现双侧对称性丘脑内侧、脑室及导水管周围、中脑顶盖异常信号典型表现,同时2例深昏迷患者分别表现出弥漫性皮层及面神经核受累。随访患者平均恢复时间为7.5个月,而MRI则为2.8个月。2例深昏迷患者预后较差,1例患者死亡,另1例2年后仍遗留严重四肢痉挛性瘫痪,并伴智能低下。2例深昏迷患者DWI上表现为广泛高信号。结论 MRI可为非酒精性WE提供早期诊断,而病变累及广泛皮层及颅神经核可能提示较差的预后,同时DWI序列可能有一定的预后作用。

Objective Objective The present study was to increase the awareness of nonalcoholic Wernicke＇s encephalopathy （ WE） to reduce its misdiagnosis.Methods The clinical features and MR imaging findings in 6 patients with nonalcoholic WE were retrospectively analyzed.Results All patients exhibited different degrees of unconsciousness.Only two patients presented with the typical triad of neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations, ataxia, and global confusion.All patients presented with typical MR features characterized by bilaterally altered signal of the medial thalamus, periventricular region of the third ventricle and periaqueductal area. In addition, two patients developed symmetric cortical and facial nerve nucleus involvements with deep coma, which was clinically rare.The average clinical recovery and MRI imaging recovery times were 7.5 months and 2.8 months, respectively,.Two patients with deep coma showed a poor prognosis：1 patient died, and the other had a sever spastic paralysis of her extremities and mental retardation during a follow -up of 2 years.Two patients with deep coma showed symmetric hyperintensities on diffusion -weighted imaging （ DWI） .Conclusions MRI images are useful in the early diagnosis of nonalcoholic WE.Cortical and cranial nerve nucleus involve-ment in nonalcoholic WE patients may be an indication of irreversible damage and a poor prognosis.In addition, hyperintensities on DWI may also indicate an unfavorable prognosis.