28份玉米单倍体诱导系的诱导率表现及聚类分析

Induction Ratio and Cluster Analysis of 28 Maize Haploid Inducers

以28份外引及自育单倍体诱导系为父本、粤甜28为母本，经诱导率测定及聚类分析，对诱导系改良效果进行评价。结果表明，所有外引及自育诱导系诱导率均高于原始诱导系Stock6，变幅在0．43％-3，57％，（高诱1号×EDI）×ED10—2、（高诱1号XZy-1）×高诱1号BC3-5、Y04—3912、（高诱1号×Zy—1）×高诱1号BC：F2-19及高诱1号等5份诱导系诱导率低于1％，其余22份诱导系诱导率均高于1％，且显著或极显著高于原始诱导系Stock6。聚类分析发现，在相似系数0．58处可将28份诱导系划分为3大类，第1大类包含25份诱导系，包含2个亚群，其中，第一亚群含20份诱导系，第二亚群含5份诱导系；第Ⅱ类包含Stock6、新选系S1—4等2份诱导系；第Ⅲ类中仅含诱导系Y04—3912。综合来看，对原始诱导系Stock6的诱导率改良较为成功，改良系与原始诱导系Stock6间存在较大的遗传差异，改良系遗传基础仍较狭窄，需进一步拓宽诱导系种质基础。

In order to improve the haploid induction efficiency of fresh maize, twenty-eight inducers from for- eign and own as male, YUETIAN No. 28 as female, evaluating the improved effect and providing the consult for their efficient use by calculating induction ratio and cluster analysis. The results showed that the induction ratio of 27 foreign and own inducers higher than Stock6, ranged from 0.43% to 3.57%, only the induction ratio of （high in- duced No. 1 xEDI）xEDI（×）-2, （high induced No. 1XZy-1） ×high induced No. 1 BC3-5, Y04-3912, （high induced No. 1 × Zy-1） × high induced No.1 BC2F2-19 and high induced No.1 was lower than 1%, and the induction ratio of the other 22 inducers was more than 1%, and significantly or very significantly higher than Stock6. Cluster analysis found that 28 inducers can be divided into three categories by the similarity coefficient 0.58, the I category contained 25 in- ducers, comprising two subsets, wherein the first sub-group comprising 20 inducers, the second subgroup contain- ing 5 inducers; the Ⅱ category contained Stock6 and new inducer S1-4; the Ⅲ category contained only Y04-3912. On the whole, the induction ratio improvement of Stock6 was successful, there is a big difference between genetical- ly improved inducers and Stock6, but the genetic basis is still very narrow between them, it is necessary for further broadening their germplasm base.