上海市木质家具生产企业主要岗位职业病危害作业分级研究

Classification of occupational hazards in the major workplaces of wooden furniture manufacturing industries in Shanghai

目的依据职业病危害作业分级的相关标准,对木质家具生产企业主要岗位进行职业病危害作业分级,为行业危害防护提供针对性建议。方法采用随机抽样的方法,以上海市35家木质家具生产企业作为调查对象,根据国家标准,开展职业病危害因素检测,对主要岗位的职业病危害程度进行分级。结果木质家具生产企业中打磨岗位为粉尘中度危害作业,开料、雕刻岗位为粉尘轻度危害作业;喷漆岗位为化学物重度危害作业,晾干或烘干及拼板涂胶岗位为化学物中度危害作业;开料、装配岗位为噪声极重危害作业,打磨岗位为噪声中度危害作业,雕刻、喷漆岗位为噪声轻度危害作业。结论木质家具行业存在发生尘肺病、职业中毒、噪声聋等职业病的风险。生产企业应加强防护设施的设置、个人防护用品配备及相应的管理措施,行业管理部门需制定职业卫生防护规范并加强监管。

Objective The classification of occupational hazards in wooden furniture manufacturing industries was done to provide reference for the control of occupational hazards. Methods According to the national guideline, the classification of occupational hazards was made according to the monitoring data in 35 wooden furniture manufacturing industries in Shanghai. Results The hazard caused by wooden dust at polishing sites was ranked as medium, while mild at cutting and carving sites. The chemical hazard at painting sites was ranked as severe, while medium at drying and gluing sites. The noise hazards at cutting and assembling sites were ranked as severe,while medium at polishing sites and mild at painting and carving sites. Conclusion Wood furniture industries had the risk of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis, occupational poisoning,noise-induced deafness,etc. The industries should strengthen the protection facilities,pemonal protective equipment and the corresponding management measures. The administrative departments should strengthen the supervision of law enforcement.