应用鱼类生物标志物和IBRv2监测与评价泉州湾石油类污染生物效应状况

Applying fish biomarkers and IBRv2 for monitoring and assessing biological effects of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in Quanzhou Bay

以褐菖鲉（Sebastiscus marmoratus）细胞色素P4501A四种生物标志物，即鳃丝EROD活性、肝EROD活性、肝CYP1 A mRNA和肝CYP1 A蛋白为指标，在泉州湾海域选择6个站位（包括1个对照站位），开展了为期两周的野外监测实验，研究了上述生物标志物的变化特征以及它们同表层海水中石油类含量和沉积物物中16种优先监控的PAHs含量之间的相关性，并利用新一代综合生物标志物响应指数法（IBRv2）对监测站位石油类和PAHs污染效应进行了评价．结果显示，不同站位的上述四种生物标志物变化趋势基本一致；生物标志物的变化与相应站位表层水中石油类含量及沉积物中PAHs总含量相吻合；IBRv2分析结果表明，各监测站位IBRv2指数介于1.5-4.2之间，其中2号站环境污染压力最大，4号站最小．在复杂的海洋污染条件下，采用CYP1 A多种生物标志物监测技术能够更加全面反映石油类等污染及其生物效应状况．

In the present study,rock fish Sebastiscus marmoratus was chosen as a sentinel animal,and cytochrome P4501A （CYP1A）biomarkers,namely gill filament and hepatic EROD activities,CYP1A mRNA and its protein expressions were used as biomarkers to monitor the biological effects of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in Quanzhou Bay,Fujian Province.The field monitoring experiment was conducted for 2 weeks in 6 sites including a reference site.The expression patterns of the CYP1 A biomarkers and the correlation of the biomarkers with the contents of petroleum hydrocarbons in the surface water and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）in sediment were studied,respectively.Moreover,a novel method for ecological risk assessment named “Integrated Biological Responses version 2 （IBRv2）”was used to assess the pollution stress on the S.marmoratus.Compared to the fish caged in the reference site,the gill filament and hepatic EROD activities,CYP1 A mRNA and its protein expres-sions were significantly elevated in fish from the sites with much polluted of petroleum hydrocarbons and PAHs,especially with high molecular weight PAHs.The IBRv2 index of 6 sites varied from 1.5 to 4.2,and the site 2 had the highest environmental stress while the site 4 had the lowest.The present results show that the integrated biomarker of CYP1 A of S.marmoratus is a good approach for monitoring and assessing the biological effects of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in coastal marine environment.