中年女性乳腺肿瘤患者病理等候期心理体验的质性研究

A qualitative research on the psychological experience of breast cancer patients of middle aged female during waiting pathological reporting

目的:了解中年女性乳腺未确诊患者在手术室等待术中快速病理报告的真实心理体验,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法:2015年8至9月,采用质性研究的现象学研究方法,对16例在术中等待快速病理报告的患者进行深入访谈,运用Collaizzi七步分析法进行资料分析。结果:患者真实心理状态呈现4个主题:心理压力大;角色适应不良;接受配合心理不一;社会支持需求迫切。结论:在等待术中快速病理期间,医护人员应该关注乳腺肿瘤切检患者的情感需求,为其提供个体化干预,提供信息支持,鼓励患者积极应对。

Objective： To describe the real psychological experience of undiagnosed breast cancer patients in the middle aged female waitingfor surgery during the rapid pathological reporting period, and to provide basis and reference for specific nursing for them. Methods： Thephenomenological research method was adopted. 16 cases waiting for the rapid pathological report were deeply interviewed from August to September in 2015. The information of interview was analyzed, sorted, coded in according to Colaizzi^ analysis, and different themes wereextracted. Results： Four themes were extracted：① psychological pressure;② role disorder;③ acceptance and coordination;④ high demandsfor social support. Conclusion： The medical staffs should focus on the emotional needs of breast cancer patients waiting for surgery duringthe rapid pathological reporting period, to provide individualized intervention, family nursing intervention, to encourage patients to express,provide information support and play the role of peer support, application hint therapy, patients are encouraged to actively respond.