醚化剂GTA的合成及在制备阳离子聚乙烯醇中的应用

Synthesis of Etherification Agent GTA and Application in Preparation of Cationic Polyvinyl Alcohol

以三甲胺（TMA）和环氧氯丙烷（EPIC）为原料,超声条件下合成了醚化剂失水甘油基三甲基氯化铵（GTA）,研究了物料配比、反应温度、反应时间对产物收率的影响,确定GTA最优合成工艺条件：n（TMA）∶n（EPIC）=2∶1,反应温度20℃,反应时间4 h,此条件下产物收率72%。用该中间体在碱性条件下对聚乙烯醇进行改性,可制得季铵盐型阳离子聚乙烯醇膜材料,通过正交实验确定季铵盐型阳离子聚乙烯醇最优合成工艺条件：n（GTA）∶n（PVA）=2∶1,反应温度60～70℃,反应时间5 h,p H为10,终产物收率88%。

With trimethylamine（TMA） and epichlorohydrin（EPIC） as raw materials,under the condition of ultrasound reactive intermediate water loss glyceryl trimethyl ammonium chloride（GTA） was synthesized. The material ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time influencing on the yield of product respectively was studied. The optimal synthesis process of GTA was obtained as follows： n（TMA）∶n（EPIC）=2∶1, 20℃ of reaction temperature, 4h of reaction time, under the condition the yield of product was 72%. Using GTA to modification polyvinyl alcohol under alkaline conditions, quaternary ammonium salt type cationic pva membrane materials could be obtained. The optimal synthesis process of quaternary ammonium salt type cationic poly vinyl alcohol under orthogonal test was： n（GTA）∶n（PVA）=2∶1, water bath temperature 60℃～70℃, reaction time 5 h, p H 10. then the yield of end product was 88%。