湖北省流动人口高血压和糖尿病现况调查及危险因素分析

Risk Factors for Hypertension and Diabetes among Floating Population in Hubei Province: A Cross-sectional Survey

目的了解湖北省流动人口高血压和糖尿病的患病情况及相关危险因素,为开展流动人口慢性病预防工作提供理论依据。方法采取多阶段整群抽样的方法,对湖北省6个县(市/区)六大类行业2012年的流动人口进行问卷调查,收集调查对象的人口学、社会学、健康相关行为特征等资料。采用SPSS 9.0软件对流动人口的高血压和糖尿病患病率进行统计描述,并对患者的危险因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果共调查流动人口1 800人。其中,人群高血压患病率为22.7%,糖尿病患病率为4.9%,糖耐量受损率为1.0%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、行业、吸烟暴露情况和生活满意度与高血压患病相关,行业、文化程度和BMI与糖尿病患病相关(P均<0.05);进一步的logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄[OR=2.194,95%CI(1.940,2.483),P=0.001]和生活满意度[OR=0.291,95%CI(0.248,0.341),P=0.002]是高血压患病的独立危险因素;文化程度[OR=3.219,95%CI(2.016,7.565),P=0.011]和性别[OR=0.568,95%CI(0.323,0.999),P=0.049]是糖尿病患病的独立危险因素。结论湖北省流动人口中,高血压和糖尿病的患病情况不容乐观。年龄增加和生活满意度低是流动人口高血压患病的独立危险因素,男性和文化程度低是流动人口糖尿病患病的独立危险因素。

Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and diabetes in floating population in Hubei province, so as to provide reference for the prevention of chronic disease of floating population. Method A multi-stages sampling was performed among six counties in Hubei province in 2012, according to the different occupations. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the demography, sociology and health-related behavioral characteristics of subjects. Then a univariate analysis and a multivariate analysis were conducted by SPSS 20.0 software. Results A total of 1 800 individuals were surveyed, and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes infloating population was 22.7% and 4.9%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that significant associations were found between hypertension and such factors as age, occupations, smoking and life satisfaction （all P values 〈0.05）; and significant associations were found between diabetes and such factors as occupations, educational level and BMI （all P values 〈0.05）. The results of further logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=2.194, 95%CI 1.940 to 2.483, P=0.001） and life satisfaction （OR=0.291, 95%CI 0.248 to 0.341, P=0.002） were independent risk factors of hypertension, and educational level （OR=3.219, 95%CI 2.016 to 7.565, P=0.011） and gender （OR=0.568, 95%CI 0.323 to 0.999, P=0.049） were independent risk factors of diabetes. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes are relative high in floating population of Hubei Province. Increasing age and low life satisfaction are independent risk factors of hypertension in floating population, while male and low educational level are independent risks factors of diabetes.