俄罗斯文化因素与乌克兰东西部民族意识建构

The Elements of Russian Culture and the Construction of National Consciousness in Eastern and Western Ukraine

乌克兰人与俄罗斯人同属东斯拉夫民族,自17世纪以来,俄罗斯逐渐吞并乌克兰领土,开始对乌克兰进行文化上的同化。叶卡捷琳娜时期,这一目标初步达成。1991年苏联解体后,乌克兰成为独立国家,但多数乌克兰人的民族认同已严重弱化,许多人在事实上属于俄罗斯文化圈。当今世界,文化软实力的作用日益增强,它甚至能在某种程度上决定国家的硬实力。因此对乌克兰来说,当务之急就是清除俄罗斯文化对本国国民的吸引力,建立自己牢靠的民族认同感。

Ukrainians and Russians both belong to Eastern Slavs, from 17th century, Russia began to an- nex Ukrainian territory and to assimilate Ukrainians in the cultural field. This object was successfully a- chieved in the era of Ekaterina. Ukraine became independent after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, but the national mind of most Ukrainians was very weak, many of them belong to Russian culture. In modern world, soft power has much effect, it even can, to some extent, decide the hard power of a nation. Thus for Ukraine, the top priority is to eliminate the effect of Russian culture on Ukrainians and build its own firm national identity.