不同面积浮板覆盖下干旱区平原水库防蒸发节水效率分析

Analysisof water saving efficiency of anti-evaporation in plain reservoir of arid area under cover of floating slab of different acreages

为探究物理技术抑制干旱区平原水库水分的无效蒸发的可行性,本实验使用PVC泡沫浮板做为水面覆盖材料。将浮板连接为试验所需要的不同面积,观察并记录各面积浮板在试验区域自由漂浮时的工作情况。以受风速影响的浮板湿润率为变量,统计试验期内的风速情况和不同风速下各面积的浮板湿润率,从而计算出不同面积的浮板在试验期内的蒸发抑制率。结果表明:当浮板面积从1 m^2增大到16 m^2时,其平均蒸发抑制率从74%增大到88.3%,证明了大面积覆盖水库表面抑制水分蒸发的可行性,为西北干旱区平原水库早日实现物理技术抑制水面蒸发的工程措施奠定了理论基础。

In order to the feasibility of inhibiting evaporation in plain reservoirs of arid area water inhibit by physics technology, the paper used PVC foam floating plate as covering material of water. It connected floating slabs into the required different areas and then recorded floating slabs＂ working situations when they freely floated on experiment area. Taking the wetting rate of floating slabs under the influence of wind speed as a variable, the paper collected the statistics of the wind speed in experimental period and the wetting rates each floating slab under different wind speed so as figure out the evaporation preventing rate of floating slab of different scales in the experiment period. The results showed that when the floating plate area increases from 1 m2 to 16 m2, its average evaporation inhibition rate increases from 74% to 88.3%, which proved the feasibility of a large area covering the reservoir surface so as to inhibit water evapora- tion. The technique can lay theoretical foundation for the northwest arid area plain reservoirs to early real- ize the water engineering measures of surface evaporation inhibited by physical technique.