海外研发投资与母公司创新绩效——基于企业资源和国际化经验的调节作用

Overseas R&D Investment and Parent Firm Innovation Performance:the Moderating Effects of Firm Resource and International Experience

通过海外研发投资充分利用国际技术资源对于中国企业提升创新能力进而创造和维持国际竞争优势具有重要战略价值。文章以2009～2014年沪深两市信息技术业上市公司为样本研究了中国企业海外研发投资与创新绩效之间的关系以及企业异质性资源和国际化经验对两者关系的调节作用。结果表明，中国企业的海外研发活动显著促进了母公司创新绩效提升，研发能力、政治资源和国际化经验正向调节海外研发和创新绩效的关系，而组织冗余却对两者关系起着负向调节作用。同时，海外研发和母公司创新绩效的关系以及各情境因素的调节作用在以技术开发为主要动机的制造业和以技术应用为主要动机的服务业中存在明显的行业差异。企业应当重视海外研发对母公司创新绩效的影响以及异质性资源和国际化经验对两者关系的调节影响作用，这对于中国企业成功实施海外研发有实际指导意义。

Taking full advantage of international technical resources through overseas R&D has important strategic value to create and sustain competitive advantage in the global markets for Chinese enterprises. Based on the panel-data of Chinese information technology listed companies,we studied the relationship as well as the moderating effect of firm heterogeneous resource and international experience. The results revealed that overseas R&D significantly promoted the innovation performance of Chinese enterprises. R&D ability,political resources and international experience have positive moderating effects of the relationship between overseas R&D and innovation performance,while organization slack has negative moderating effect. We also found that the relationship,as well as the moderating effects,differentiate between manufacturing industry motivated by technology exploration and service industry motivated by technology exploitation. Chinese enterprises should recognize the effect of overseas R&D on innovation performance and the moderating effect of contextual factors. It has practical significance for the successful implementation of overseas R&D for Chinese enterprises.