情感史视野下的法国大革命

French Revolution and Emotion

法国大革命的情感史研究旨在关注人们行为背后的情感因素,通过挖掘革命亲历者书写的大量日记和书信等历史文献,探讨人们所经历的欣悦、爱、恐惧、愤怒以及憎恨等具体情感,为认识革命时期的暴力与恐怖现象提供了全新的视角。革命初期人们表达了强烈的欣悦与博爱等情感,但新的平等观念很快遭到贵族与教士阶层的反对,这种愿望受挫与被背叛的感觉形成了独特的"阴谋"恐惧,致使整个社会谣言四起,进而引发愤怒与憎恨的情感。除了研究各种具体情感之间的相互作用,法国大革命情感史还着眼于不同社会群体之间在情感方面的差异及其相互影响、情感与行为之间的关系等,并与其他各国的重要革命进行比较研究,以期更加深入地认识法国大革命乃至18世纪法国文化的情感特性。

The study on the emotional history of the French Revolution focuses on emotional factors behind people's actions. It explores numerous historical records( such as diaries and correspondences) written by witnesses of the Revolution searching for experiences-exultation,love,fear,anger,hatred etc.,thusly providing brand new perspectives on the understanding of violence and terror in the Revolution. During the early phase of the Revolution,people expressed intensive feelings of exultation and philanthropy,but the notion of equity was soon rejected by aristocrats and clergymen. The feelings of frustration and betrayal formed a peculiar terror of conspiracy,and the society was filled with rumors,which incurred anger and hatred. Apart from research on emotions and their interactions,the study on the emotional history also emphasizes emotional differences,their mutual influences,and the relation between emotions and actions among different social groups. It also compares the French Revolution with other major revolutions in other countries in the hope of achieving a comprehensive understanding on the French Revolution and the emotional identity of 18^(th)-century France.