经济开发区土地利用格局演变的微尺度分析——以广东清远开发区为例

On Micro-Scale Analysis of Economic Development Zone Land Use Pattern Change——A Case Study of Qingyuan Development Zone in Guangdong

基于微观尺度观测开发区土地利用变化时空特征,对于深入理解城市地域空间增长过程具有重要意义.综合运用地理国情普查高清遥感数据,借助GIS等手段,从微观视角对广东清远经济开发区2005-2013年土地利用格局演变及其驱动机制进行分析,结果表明:1开发区土地开发活跃,耕地减少明显,道路、构筑物、房屋建筑用地年均增长速度突出,人工堆掘地、草地、耕地等类型土地的空间变化较为剧烈,而从土地空间扩展来看,2009-2011年间表现出强烈的空间推进特征,土地开发堆掘过程明显;2开发区建设用地空间微观形态日趋规整,但斑块破碎化程度加剧,土地利用系统的有序性不断提升;3开发区土地空间变化表现为明显的建设与开发的空间转换过程,土地空间体系进程以"退一进二"为主,随着产业结构的调整优化,土地利用类型内部结构越来越复杂,土地空间利用集约程度不断提高.同时开发区土地利用受产业发展和规划控制的影响显著,房屋建设空间扩展和生态类型地块空间变化表现突出,存在土地开发与土地建设失衡的问题,未来需要减少开发地块的闲置,提高土地集约利用水平.

As an important spatial carrier of economic development, the development zone represents a rap- id urbanization process, and observing the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use change based on mi cro-scale is very important for understanding the spatial growth of urban areas. Comprehensive use of the data of high-resolution remote sensing images which from geographic national conditions monitoring, with spatial analysis of GIS and landscape analysis, Qingyuan development zone of Guangdong has been selected as the typical case, and the evolution and its driving mechanism of land use pattern have been analyzed based on micro-scale perspective from 2005 to 2013. The results show that, 1） During the research period, the land use change is very obvious, especially the land exploitation is obviously. Among them, the farm- land decreases prominently, the traffic land, structure land and housing construction land have been in- creasing greatly, and the spatial change of land such as artificial digging land, grassland and farmland has more severe. From the perspective of land space expansion, the land exploitation was very outstanding in 2009--2011, when a lot of land has been developed. 2） The patch fragmentation degree of development zone is increasing during the study period, and the land use system is orderly, especially the construction land spatial form. 3） The land spatial change performance two stages of space conversion, which land con- struction course and land exploitation course. And the process of land use spatial system act ＂from the first industry to enter the second industry＂ in 2005--2013. Furthermore, with the adjustment of industrial structure, the inner structure of land use is becoming more and more complex, and the intensive degree of land use is increasing. Last, the study also found that the land use of the development zone affected by in- dustrial strategy and planning control has more prominent, the spatial expansion of housing construction land and the ecological types land spatial change also have performed prominently. The development zone should reduce idle land and increase the land intensive use level in the future.